Introduction: Artemisia absinthium or wormwood is a species of Artemisia, native to temperate regions of Eurasia and Northern Africa and widely naturalized in Canada and the northern United States. It is grown as an ornamental plant and is used as an ingredient in the spirit absinthe as well as some other alcoholic drinks. The aim of this study is to review Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry, and Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-microbial effect of Artemisia absinthium. Methods: This review article was carried out by searching studies in PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, and IranMedex databases up to 2016.Totally, of 83 found articles, 56 articles were included. The search terms were “Artemisia absinthium”, “wormwood”, “therapeutic”, “pharmacological”, Result: Various studies have shown that Artemisia absinthium Possess Mostly Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-microbial effect. Besides, its Essential oil is an encouraging candidate for compounds activation against Leishmania. The anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective mechanism of Artemisia absinthium L., was shown to be due to caruifolin D, a major anti-inflammatory component, which might be developed as a drug candidate for neuro-inflammation-related diseases. Conclusion: Anti-inflammatory activity of Artemisia absinthium L., was due to caruifolin D, a major constituent, which might be developed as a drug candidate for neuro-inflammation-related diseases. While these findings sound promising and worthwhile for further investigation, the well-defined profile of adverse properties of wormwood demands a more cautious interpretation of these result
